Saturday, December 17, 2016

An Overview :Needlestick Injury








The National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH, 1999) reported
that the rate of Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) transmission to susceptible HCW ranges
from 6% to 30% after a single needlestick exposure to an HBV-infected patient.

Prospective studies of HCW exposed to Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) through
needlestick, or other percutaneous injuries, have found that the incidence of anti-
HCV seroconversion averages 1.8% (range 0% to 7%) per injury.

Currently, there is no vaccine in existence to prevent HCV infection, and neither immunoglobulin nor
antiviral therapy is recommended as post exposure prophylaxis. For Human
Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection, the average risk of post needlestick
exposure to HIV-infected blood is 0.3% or 1 in 300 (CDC 1991).

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